ʻO nā kaʻa ikehu hou nā kaʻa i hilinaʻi ʻole i ka ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko e like me kā lākou kumu nui o ka mana, a ua ʻike ʻia e ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kaʻa uila.Hiki ke hoʻopaʻa ʻia ka pākaukau ma o ka mīkini i kūkulu ʻia, kahi awa hoʻopiha waho, ikehu lā, ikehu kemika a i ʻole ka ikehu hydrogen.
Ka Papa 1: Ua ʻike mua ʻia ke kaʻa uila mua o ka honua i ka waena o ke kenekulia 19, a ʻo kēia kaʻa uila ka hana nui o 2 mau hanauna.
ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ia ka mīkini hoʻoili uila i hoʻopau ʻia i ka makahiki 1828 e ka ʻenekini Hungarian ʻo Aacute nyos Jedlik i kāna hale hana.ʻO ke kaʻa uila mua i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia e ka American Anderson ma waena o 1832 a me 1839. ʻO ka pākaukau i hoʻohana ʻia i kēia kaʻa uila he mea maʻalahi a hiki ʻole ke hoʻopiha hou.Ua ʻike ʻo 1899 i ka hana ʻana o ka huila huila e ka German Porsche e pani i ke kaulahao i hoʻohana mau ʻia i nā kaʻa.Ua ukali ʻia kēia e ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ke kaʻa uila Lohner-Porsche, nāna i hoʻohana i ka pākaukau lead-acid ma ke ʻano he kumu mana a hoʻokele pololei ʻia e ka huila huila ma nā huila mua - ʻo ke kaʻa mua e lawe i ka inoa Porsche.
Papa 2: Ua ʻike ʻia ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 20 i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko, ka mea i lawe i ke kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe mai ka mākeke.
Me ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka ʻenehana ʻenehana, ka mea i hana ʻia o ka ʻenekini hoʻopau i loko a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i nā ʻenehana hana, ua hoʻomohala ka kaʻa wahie i kahi pono kūpono i kēia wā.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa i ka pilikia o ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i nā kaʻa uila, ʻike ʻia kēia māhele i ka wehe ʻana o nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe mai ka mākeke kaʻa.
Ka Papa 3: I ka makahiki 1960, ua lawe mai ka pilikia aila i ka manaʻo hou i nā kaʻa uila.
I kēia manawa, aia ka ʻāina ʻEulopa i ka waena o ka ʻenehana, kahi manawa i hōʻike pinepine ʻia ai ka pilikia aila a i ka wā i hoʻomaka ai ke kanaka e noʻonoʻo i ka piʻi ʻana o nā pōʻino kaiapuni i hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia.ʻO ka liʻiliʻi o ke kaʻa uila, ka nele o ka pollution, ka nele o ka mahuka a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa i alakaʻi i ka hoihoi hou i nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe.Ma muli o ke kapikala, ua ulu nui ka ʻenehana hoʻokele o nā kaʻa uila i kēlā mau makahiki he ʻumi, ua loaʻa nā kaʻa uila maʻemaʻe a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka nānā ʻana a ua hoʻomaka nā kaʻa uila liʻiliʻi e noho i kahi mākeke maʻamau, e like me nā kaʻa holo kaʻa kolepa.
Ka Papa 4: Ua ʻike ka 1990s i kahi lag o ka ʻenehana pākaukau, e hoʻololi ana i nā mea hana kaʻa uila.
ʻO ka pilikia nui e keʻakeʻa ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kaʻa uila i nā makahiki 1990 ʻo ia ka lohi ʻana o ka ʻenehana ʻenehana.ʻAʻohe hanana nui i nā pākaukau i alakaʻi ʻole ʻia i nā mea hou i ka pahu pahu pahu, e hana ana nā mea hana kaʻa uila i nā pilikia nui.ʻO nā mea hana kaʻa kuʻuna, ma lalo o ke kaomi mai ka mākeke, hoʻomaka e hoʻomohala i nā kaʻa hybrid e lanakila ai i nā pilikia o nā pā pōkole a me ka laulā.Hōʻike maikaʻi ʻia kēia manawa e nā PHEV plug-in hybrids a me HEV hybrids.
Ka Papa 5: I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ke kenekulia 21, aia kahi holomua o ka ʻenehana pākaukau a hoʻomaka nā ʻāina e hoʻohana i nā kaʻa uila ma ke ʻano nui.
I kēia manawa, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui o ka pākaukau, a ua hoʻonui ʻia ka pae o nā kaʻa uila ma kahi o 50 km i kēlā me kēia makahiki, a ʻaʻole i ʻoi aku ka nāwaliwali o ka hana mana o nā kaʻa uila ma mua o kekahi o nā kaʻa wahie haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.
Papa 6: Ua alakaʻi ʻia ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā kaʻa ikehu hou e ka mana hana kaʻa kaʻa hou i hōʻike ʻia e Tesla.
ʻO Tesla, kahi hui me kaʻikeʻole i ka hana kaʻa, ua ulu mai kahi hui kaʻa kaʻa kaʻa liʻiliʻi i kahi hui kaʻa kaʻa honua i nā makahiki 15 wale nō, e hana ana i ka mea hikiʻole iā GM a me nā alakaʻi kaʻa ke hana.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Jan-17-2023
